Roofing-tile.



no; 650,939. Patentedluna 5, 1900.

s. r. KAscn. RUUFING TILE.

(Application filed. Aug. 28, 1899.) (lo Model.)

1 a y pg Ton- QMVQA/L l -ATTOHNEYJ Ta'rss GUSTAV F. K ASCII,

OF AKRON, OHIO.

ROOFING-TILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part a Letters Patent No. 650,939, dated. June 5, 1900.

Appl cation filed August 26, 1899.

a roofing-tile that has a gutter-forming portion and a convex portion extending longitud'inally of the tile and has the outer side wall of the gutter provided with an elevated SllOlll.

der that extends from end to end of the gutter and has the said side wall extending upwardly at the outer side of the said shoulder, so that in layingalateral tier of my improved tiles the convex portion of one Of'IWO adjacent tiles of the said tier at the outer longitudinal edge of the said convex portion shall rest upon the elevated shoulder or seat formed upon the gutter-forming section of the next adjacent tile and overlap the latters wall that extends above the outer side of the said seat-forming shoulder and the overlapping and seating of the one tile upon the outer wall and considerably above the bottom of the gutter of the other tile enlarges the capacity of the gutter and reduces to a minimum the liability of rain, water or moisture, and dirt and dust being blown, forced, or washed up into the said overlapping tile.

Another object of my present invention is to provide a tile of the character indicated thatis, in the main, uniform in thickness from end to end and from side to sideof the tile, so that the burning and drying of the same in a kiln shall be uniform throughout the tile and sothat the weight of the tile shall be re: duced to a minimum that isuniforni in width at both ends, that has such shape in crosssection or end elevation that several tiles can be nested together and require little roomin shipping or transportation, and that upon the lower surface of its convex portion andupon the lower surface of its concave or gutterforming portion has a rib that extends longitudinally of the tile and forms a direct downward bearing for the tile upon the overlapped Serial No. 728,523. No model.)

tile of the next row or tier of tiles in the formation of a roof. i

Another object. of this invention is to provide a roofing-tile that in end elevation or cross-section is shaped as required to form a gutter extending longitudinally of the tile and has one of the side walls of the gutter olfset laterally and outwardly, so as to. form an upwardly-facing seat-forming shoulder and a downwardly-facing bearing below the said shoulder between the latter and the under surface of the gutters bot-tom.

With these objects in view and to the end of realizing other advantages hereinafter appearing the invention consists in certain pe euliarities of construction hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure I is a perspective view of a portion of two lateral tiers of tiles as they are laid in the formation of a roof. Fig. II is a perspective view atone of the tiles. *Fig. III is a transverse section on line III III, Fig. I. Fig. IV is an end ele vation showing several tiles nested together. Figs. V and VI are-sections in detail on lines V-V and VI VI, respectively, Fig. I, and show the parts illustrated therein on a larger scale than the illustration of the corresponding parts in, the preceding figures.

Fig. I of the drawings shows the relative arrangement of two lateral tiers a and b of tiles as the latterare laid in the construction of a roof. Each tile of the upper tier of two adjacent tiers has its lower end overlapping the upper end of the next adjacent tile of the lower tier.

My improved tile comprises a convex pertion (Z and a concave or gutter-forming per-A 0 tion e, and both of the said portions are parallel longitudinally and extend from the upper end' to thelower end of the tile. The convex portion in the case illustrated has a crown or top d and two sides (1 and d diverging downwardly from opposite sides, respectively, of the top d. The inner side of the said convex portion forms the inner side wall of the gutter-forming section. The said convex portion upon its under side is provided with a rib d, that extends from end to end ofthc tile. .The bottom of the gutterforming section of the tile is provided upon its lower surface and preferably centrally with a rib 5', extending from end to end of the tile. The outerslde wall of the said gutter is provided about cent-rally between the bottom and top of the gutter with a shoulder 6 that extends from end to end of the gutter. The said side wall in the ease illustrated extends upwardly to about two-thirds of the height of the convex portion of the tile, and the said side wall maybe described as being offset outwardly and laterally about, twothirds of its height, so as to form the aforesaid shoulder c", and the upper portion 6 of the side wall above the said shoulder pro jccts, preferably, somewhat outwardly from the shoulder.

My improved tile is approximately uniform in thickness from side to side and from end to end. In fact, the tile illustrated is exactly uniform in thickness except where the aforesaid ribsand shoulder are formed. The concave section of my improved tile has a desirably-large capacity for drainage purposes, because it has a comparatively-great depth below the seat for the adjacent tile. The

shoulder (2 formed upon and high up the onterside wall of the gutter, forms an elevated seatfor the outer longitudinal edge ,of the convex section of the next adjacent tile in laying a row or tier of tiles, and the convex section of my improved tile has its outer side terminating about midway of the height of the innerside of the said section, In other words, the outer longitudinal edge of the convex section of the tile and the seat-forming shoulder of the tile are arranged in the Same plane, so that each tile-of two adjacent tiles of a lateral tier of tiles will have the outer longitudinal edge of its convex portion restin g upon the seat-formin g shouldeiof the giltter of the other tile and overlapping the latters gutter-forming section above the said shoulder. The provision of the elevated seat 0 and the tiles extension e upwardly at the outer side of the said seat prevents rain, water or moisture, and dust and dirt from being blown, driven, or washed upwardly into the convex section of the next adjacent tile of the lateral tier of which the said tiles form a part, and the elevated seat e dispenses with the use of cement in the joint formed between the said tiles, and consequently materially re.-'

duces the cost of constructing a roof of tiles embodying my invention.

In laying lateral tiers of my improved tiles the tiles of each tier have their lower ends overlapping the upper ends of the tiles of the tier next below, as shown in Fig. Ithat is, the lower end of the gutter-formin g section of each tile fits into the gutter-forming sect-ion of ,the tile next below and has its rib resting upon the bottom of the gutter of the lastmentioned tile, and the convex section of each tile has its lower end embracing the upper end of the convex section of the tile next below and has the rib upon its under side resting upon the last-mentioned tile. The elevation of each tile, in laying a roof, above the next lower tile by means of the ribs upon the upper tile accommodates the overlapping of the lower tile by the upper tile,without necessitating a reduction in the 'dth of the lower tile at or toward the latter supper end, and of course the tiles are cut away at diagonally-opposite ends, as at f, to accommodate the aforesaid overlapping of the tiles.

The gutter-forming section of the tile below the seat c has a depending rib e and an air-channel e The latter forms an air-space, and the rib e affords a directly or perpendicularly downward bearing for. the tile and facilitates the formation of a nice fit between the tile and the overlappedtile. The upper end of the gutter-forming section of the tile is provided with holes for the reception of the nails or tile-fastening devices.

In laying two lateral tiers of tiles the airspaces formed between the forward and lower end of each tile of the upper tier and the upper end of the overlapped tile of the lower tier are closed with cement c. The upper tier of tiles overlap the lower tier of'tiles preferably about two inches, whereas the strip of cement filling is preferably about a quarter of an inch in width. .The cement cushions the tiles in walking upon them and assists in preventing crushing of the tiles from undue pressure brought to bear upon them. The uncemented rear portion of the spacesformed between the overlapped upper end of each tile and the lower end of the tile next above accommodates the format-ion of suitable airspaccs rearward of the cement and the displacement of any cement resulting from pressure upon the overlapped tile.

I would remark that although my improved tile is preferably made of one piece my invention is not limited in this respect, because the tile might be made in two pieces joined together centrally and longitudinally of the inner side wall of the gutter of the tile; Y

What I claim is- 1. A roofing-tile that, in end elevation, has the shape required to form a convex section and a concave and gutter-forming section with one wall of the gutter forming a side wall of the convex section; a rib formed upon and extending longitudinally of the bottom of the gutter-forming section; a rib formed upon and internally and longitudinally of the convex section, and the tile being uniform, or approximately uniform, in thickness, from side to side and from end to end except at the lo cation of the aforesaidribs, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A roofing-tile that, in end elevation or cross-section, is shaped as required to forma gutter extending longitudinally of the tile,

Band the gutters side wall that forms a support for the next adjacent tile in laying a. lateral tier of tiles, being offset laterally and outwardly so as to form an upwardly-facing seat-forming shoulder e and a downwardlyfacing bearing below the said shoulder between the latter and the under surface of the gutters bottom, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A roofing-tile that, in end elevation or cross-section, has the shaperequired to form a" convex portion and a concave and gutterforining portion extending. longitudinally of" the tile, that hasone side wall of the gutter forming a side of the convex portion, and

that has the gutters opposite side wall ollsetlaterally and outwardly to form an upwardlyt'acing shoulderor seat 6* longitudinally of the said wall, and to form, below the said seat, a bottom bearing above the under sur-' face of the bottom, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A roofing-tile that, in end elevation or cross-section, has the shape required to form agutter extending longitudinallyof the tile; that has a'rib formed upon and longitudinally of the gutters bottom, and that has the gutters side wall, that forins a support for the next adjacent tile in laying a lateral tier of tiles, oi'tset laterally and outwardly above the aforesaid rib so as to form a shoulder or above the gutters bottom, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a roofing-tile that, in end elevation, has the shape required to form a convex section and a concave and gutter-forming sec tion with one wall of the gutter forining a side wall of the convex section; a rib formed upon and extending longitudinally of the bottom of the gutter; a rib formed upon and internally and longitudinally of the. convex sect-ion; a shoulder formed upon the gutters other-side wall above the guttersbottom, and the tile being uniform or approximately uniform in thickness from side to side and from end to end except at the location of the aforesaid shoulder and ribs, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. Aroofiug-tile that, in end elevation 01 cross-section, has the shape required to form a gutter extending. longitudinally of the tile and having its side wall, that forms a support for the next adjacent tile in laying a lateral tier of tiles, otlfset laterally and' outwardly above the aforesaid rib so as to form a shoulder extending longitudinally of the gutter, and a depending rib formed upon and longitudinally of the gutter below the afore said shoulder; substantially as shown, for the purpose speei tied.

Signed by me at lleveland, Ohio, this 17 day of August, 1800.

' GUSTAV F. KASCH.

lVitnesses: i

C. II. Donna, A. ll. PARRATT. 

